HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-OR-27 FAILED FOR LACK OF MAJORITYpoi CA 11 3-1 '"�_
STATE OF INDIANA ry eS
O O
BEFORE THE JEFFERSONVILLE COMMON COUNCIL Gd/oLoe" ��D bskA,
10 %) Alqu) ki Ns -
ORDINANCE 2016 -OR-_ _CA t SP'Mtte I
j2od1►'� u e i
AN ORDINANCE CHANGING THE ZONING MAP DESIGNATION OF A CERTAIN TRACT OF
PROPERTY LOCATED AT 1620 E TENTH STREET AND FULLY DESCRIBED IN ATTACHED EXHIBIT A
FROM C2 TO IS
Whereas, Greater Clark County Schools Corporation filed a petition before the
Jeffersonville Plan Commission to change the zoning map designation of the real property
located at 1620 E Tenth Street and fully described in the attached Exhibit A from C2: Medium to
Large Scale General Commercial to IS: Institutional and,
Whereas, on March 22, 2016 the Jeffersonville Plan Commission has certified its
unfavorable recommendation of the enactment of this proposed zoning map designation
change by ordinance of this Common Council; and,
Whereas, this matter is now before the Common Council at its regular meeting after
certification of the proposed change of zoning map designation pursuant to the provisions of
I.C. 36-7-4-608(f)(1); and,
Whereas, this Common Council has timely posted notice of its intent to consider the
proposed change of zoning map designation at the regular meeting scheduled for April 18,
2016; and,
Whereas, all interested persons having been given an opportunity to appear before this
Common Council and be heard regarding this matter as required by law.
Now, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Common Council of the City of Jeffersonville,
Indiana, that the zoning designation of the real property located at 1620 E Tenth Street and
fully described in the attached Exhibit A is hereby changed from C2: Medium to Large Scale
General Commercial to IS -Institutional.
IT IS FURTHER ORDAINED that the zoning map of the City of Jeffersonville shall be
amended to include such change.
This ordinance shall be in full force and effect upon its adoption.
SO ORDAINED this day of4z!J
2016.
Common Council Of The City of Jeffersonville, Indiana
vnTFn FnR'
A E
Vicki Conlin
City Clerk
Presented to me as Clerk to the Mayor of said City of Jeffersonville this
day of ; 2
Vicki Conlin
City Clerk
This Ordinance approved and signed by me this day of
, 2016.
Mike Moore, Mayor
Prepared by:
Les Merkley
Corporate Counsel
STATE OF INDIANA
BEFORE THE JEFFERSONVILLE PLAN COMMISSION
IN RE THE APPLICATION OF
Greater Clark County Schools Corporation (GCCSC)
TO REZONE A CERTAIN TRACT
1620 E Tenth Street
FROM C2 (Medium to Large Scale General Commercial) to
IS (Institution
CERTIFICATION O , _�AVORA6 NO RECOMMENDATION
Whereas, GCCSC filed a petition before the Jeffersonville Plan
Commission to change the zoning designation of the property described in attached
Exhibit A (the "Property"), from C2 to Is ; and,
Whereas, after proper notice by publication, the Jeffersonville Plan Commission
held a public hearing on the petition on March 22, 2 016 ; and,
Whereas, at the conclusion of the hearing the Jeffersonville Plan Commission
voted by a majority vote of its entire membership to favorably/unfavorably/not
recommend the proposed change of zoning designation of the Property to the
Jeffersonville Common Council.
IT IS THEREFORE CERTIFIED that on March 22, 2016 , the
Jeffersonville Plan Commission tJnfOworo•blei reL;:�v.�fi d6.}�� that the Jeffersonville
Common Council enact by ordinance the proposed zoning designation change of the
property from C2 to IS as requested in the petition of
GCCSC
So certified this 22 day of March , 2016
Chairman
h Y p� STAFF REPORT
W N'
m! Department of Planning & Zoning — Plan Commission
Case Number:
PC -16-21
Petitioner:
Greater Clark County Schools
Location:
1620 E Tenth Street
Request:
Rezoning
Proposed Use:
Bus Depot
Zoning:
C2 (Medium to Large Scale General Commercial) to IS
(Institutional)
Council District:
2 -Ed Zastawny
Date:
March 22, 2016
Rezoning Request
The applicant is requesting a zoning change for property located at 1620 E Tenth
Street. The property is currently zoned C2 and the requested zoning is IS.
Zoning Change Procedure
The Jeffersonville Zoning Ordinance and Indiana State Statute IC 36-7-4-603
outlines that the following should be considered when the Plan Commission is
reviewing a Rezoning Request:
• The Comprehensive Plan;
■ Current conditions and character of structures and uses in each district;
■ The most desirable use for which the land in each district is adapted;
■ The conservation of property values throughout the jurisdiction; and
■ Responsible development and growth.
Page 1 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
♦5 a'1
011
Figure 1: Site Location
Comprehensive Plan and Planning District
Figure 2: Future Land Use Plan
Mixed -Use
This use blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural,
institutional, or industrial uses, or allows solely commercial uses. It can be
one building, an urban, suburban, or village development. The blend
Page 2 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
Legend
Public/Institutional
.
Vacant/Agncultural
Recreation/Open Space
Light Industrial
l 1
Single Family Residential
•
Multi -Family Residential
Mixed -Use
-
Heavy Industrial
-
i
Commercial
-
Business Park/industrial
F= a
'
City Limits
4
_
Roads
Figure 2: Future Land Use Plan
Mixed -Use
This use blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural,
institutional, or industrial uses, or allows solely commercial uses. It can be
one building, an urban, suburban, or village development. The blend
Page 2 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
should be physically integrated and functionally related to create a center
or community. This use typically creates a greater variety in housing,
reduced distances between housing, workplaces and amenities, more
compact development, stronger neighborhood character, and should be
pedestrian and bicycle friendly.
Figure 3: Planning District
nd
Primary
Suburban Neighborhood
Traditional
Neighbor hood/ W or kpla c e
Suburban Workplace
Suburban Marketplace
Traditional Marketplace
Regional Marketplace Center
Downtown Historic District
Traditional Marketplace
Marketplace corridors play an important role in providing the shopping needs of a
community. Traditional Marketplace Corridors are along major roadways where
the pattern of development is distinguished by a mixture of low to medium
intensity uses such as neighborhood -serving shops, small specialty shops,
restaurants, and services. The Traditional Marketplace Corridor was expanded
along 10th Street to encourage a form that is more pedestrian oriented with
development that has little or no setbacks. The uses in Traditional Marketplace
Corridors frequently have apartments or offices on the second story. Buildings
generally have little or no setback, roughly uniform heights and a compatible
building style. Buildings are oriented toward the street and typically have 2-4
stories. New development and redevelopment should respect the predominant
rhythm, massing and spacing of existing buildings.
Traditional Neighborhood
This form is characterized by predominately residential uses, by a grid
pattern of streets with sidewalks and often including an alley. Residential
lots are predominately narrow and often deep, but the neighborhood may
contain sections of larger estate lots, and also sections of lots on which
appropriately integrated higher density residential uses may be located.
The higher density uses are encouraged to be located in centers or near
parks and open spaces having sufficient carrying capacity.
Page 3 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
Zoning
Figure 4: Zoning
The property is currently zoned C2. The property to the north is zoned C2. The
property to the east is zoned R1 and to the west is zoned C2. The property to the
south is zoned OC. The property is also part of the Commercial Corridor Overlay
District.
Attached Plans & Documents:
1. C2 District Intent
2. IS District Intent
Page 4 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
"C2rr District
4.15 "C2" District Intent, Permitted Uses, and Special Exception Uses
I District Intent i
The "G2" (Medium to Large Scale
General Commercial) District is
intended to provide a land use
category for most large scale
general business uses. The
provisions that regulate this land
use district should not overly
restrict normal business practices.
This district can be used adjacent
to all other commercial districts and
the "R3," "M1" and "M2•' residential
districts. However, buffering should
be provided between this district
and any residential district.
Jeffersonville's Plan Commission
and Board of Zoning Appeals
should strive to use this district
with the "C1" District to encourage
a strong and stable area for
commerce.
The Plan Commission and Board
of Zoning Appeals should not
encourage "strip development",
rather development in clusters
which share resources and
minimize the cost of public utilities
and services. The Plan Commission
and Board of Zoning Appeals
should also strive to minimize
lighting, un -landscaped large
parking lots, parking lots fronting
major streets, and traffic conflicts in
the "C2" District.
I Permitted Uses i
msmuuonauivuouc raciuues
• hospital
Business: Auto Sales/Services
• auto body repair shop
• auto parts store
• auto repair shop
• auto sales (open air, with showroom, full
service mechanical with or without body
shop)
• auto service (tire or muffler shop)
Business: Food Sales/Service
-convenience store (with gas pumps)
-drive-in restaurant
• grocery/supermarket
restaurant
Business: General Business
hotel
motel
plant nursery
-wholesale business
Business: Office/Professional
• bank/credit union
-bank machine/ATM
•drive-thru bank machine/ATM
• drive-thru bank/credit union
• office complex
medical/dental clinic
Business: Personal Service
barber/beauty shop
•drive-thru dry cleaning service
-dry cleaning service
• fingernail salon
• fitness center/gym
health spa
tanning salon
Business: Recreation
banquet hall
bowling alley
-theater, indoor
(not adult entertainment)
• video store
Business: Retail
-antique shop
apparel shop
department store
drug store
electrical supplies
• fabric shop
floor coverings
flower shop
furniture store
-enclosed shopping mall
gift shop
hardware store
healing & cooling sales/service
• home electronics/applian
-jewelry store
liquor sales
music store
news dealer/bookstore
(not adult entertainment)
office supplies
paint store
Permitted Uses
-plumbing supplies
• sporting goods store
-variety store
Miscellaneous
-accessory uses
Special Exception Uses
Business: Auto Sales/Services
• auto sales (open air, limited mechanical
services or body shop)
auto sales (open air, no services)
auto service station
auto wash (automatic and self)
• oil change service (enclosed)
• recreational vehicle sales (motor home
sales)
Business: Food Sales/Service
-convenience store (with gas pumps)
Business: General Business
•airport
• boat sales/service
funeral home or mortuary
helipad or heliport
light rail station
-sign painting/fabrication
mini -storage facility (mini warehouse)
motor bus station
• railroad station
Business: Recreation
-ball fields
• bar/night club
(not adult entertainment)
• theater, outdoor
(not adult entertainment)
Business: Retail
lumber yard
satellite dish sales/service
-kennel (commercial)
Communication/Utilities
public wells
radio/TV station
• telecommunication facility
4-16 Jeffersonville Zoning Ordinance
Page 5 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
"IS" District
4.1 "IS" District Intent, Permitted Uses, and Special Exception Uses
i ne ib linscnunonai uses) uisrnct
is intended to provide a land use
category for institutionally owned
lands, including state, county,
and city facilities. The IS district
is also intended for social service
oriented uses; and similar nonprofit
quasi -public institutions where
the use is for public purpose
and is anticipated to remain so
permanently.
The Plan Commission and Board of
Zoning Appeals should encourage
institutional structures and uses
to set a standard for development
throughout the planning
jurisdiction.
• community center
• church, temple or mosque
government building
government office
library
museum
• policelfire station
post office
public/private parking area
school
trade or business school
Business: General Business
• funeral home or mortuary
• child care institution (children's home)
-nursing home
• residential facility for the
developmentally disabled (large)
• residential facility for the mentally ill
Institutional/Public Facilities
• cemetery or crematorium
•drug/alcohol rehabilitation clinic
• hospital
• public park/recreation center
recycling collection point
Business: General Business
airport
helipad or heliport
• light rail station
motor -bus station
railroad station
Communication/Utilities
• public well
• sewage treatment plant
-telecommunication facility
-telephone exchange
• utility substation
4-Z Jeffersonville Zoning Ordinance
Page 6 of 6 PC -16-22 GCCS Site 2 Rezoning
DEPARTMENT OF LAW
Les Merkley, Corporation Counsel/Director of Legal Affairs
812-285-6493 office
812-285-6403 fax
www.cityofjeff.net
Jeffersonville City Hall
500 Quartermaster Court, Suite 250
Jeffersonville, Indiana 47130
BEFORE THE CITY COUNCIL OF JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA
IN THE MATTER OF THE ORDINANCE
CHANGING THE ZONING MAP
DESIGNATION OF A CERTAIN TRACT
OF PROPERTY LOCATED AT 1620 E TENTH STREET AND
FULLY DESCRIBED IN ATTACHED EXHIBIT A
FROM C2 TO IS
NOTICE OF HEARING ON ORDINANCE CHANGING THE ZONING MAP
DESIGNATION OF A CERTAIN TRACT OF PROPERTY LOCATED AT 1620 E
TENTH STREET AND FULLY DESCRIBED IN ATTACHED EXHIBIT A FROM
C2 TO IS
Notice is hereby given that the City of Jeffersonville has filed Ordinance with the
Jeffersonville City Council, Jeffersonville, Indiana asking for a change in the zoning map
designation of a certain tract of property located at 1620 E Tenth Street and fully
described in Exhibit A from C2 -Medium to Large Scale General Commercial to IS -
Institutional.
A public hearing will be held on April 18, 2016 at 7:00 p.m. in the City Council
Chambers, 1St floor, City Hall, 500 Quartermaster Court, Room 101, Jeffersonville,
Indiana at which time and place all interested persons will be heard in reference to the
matters set out in said ordinance.
Les Merkley
Corporation Counsel
Jeffersonville City Hall
500 Quartermaster Court
Jeffersonville, IN 47130
812)285-6423
An equal opportunity employer.
April 14, 2016
Jeffersonville City Council Members
C/o Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Jeffersonville City Hall
500 Quartermaster Court, Room 156
Jeffersonville, IN 47130
Alan M. Applegate
aappleizate@afpfirm.com
Personal Delivery
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
530 E. Court Avenue
Jeffersonville, IN 47130 Personal Delivery
Re: Petition to change the zoning map designation of 1611-1613 and 1620 East Tenth Street,
Jeffersonville, Indiana.
Dear City Council Members, Ms. Conlin, and Mr. Lewis:
I represent the Greater Clark County School Corporation (the "School Corporation") regarding the
above -referenced matter. I will be addressing the City Council regarding the School Corporation's
pending rezoning request at its meeting on April 18, 2016.
I write now, however, to identify what I believe to be several crucial legal points pertaining to this
matter, including without limitation, (i) that the uses in which the School Corporation proposes to
engage at the site are already expressly permitted within its current zoning classification of "C2
(Medium to Large Scale General Commercial)", thereby eliminating the necessity of rezoning to "IS
(Institutional)", and (ii) even were such not the case, the School Corporation is legally entitled to the
weighing of its public interest in providing safe and efficient bus transportation to its students as
compared to the City's interest in enforcement of the existing land use regulations (as opposed to those
which might be adopted during the pendency of the moratorium on new auto -related uses within the
Tenth Street corridor). These points are more specifically detailed and supported by applicable legal
authority as follows:
I. THE "C2" DISTRICT AND PRIOR ZONING APPROVAL EXPRESSLY ALLOW ALL
OF THE SCHOOL CORPORATION'S INTENDED USES.
The School Corporation's pending rezoning and development plan applications were, of necessity,
filed within a period of days following the announced intent of the Plan Commission and the City
Council to institute a six (6) month moratorium on new auto -related uses in the Tenth Street corridor.
This firm was not involved in prior zoning applications for this property in 2005 and 2012, and quite
Applegate Fifer Pulliam LLC
428 Meigs Avenue, Jeffersonville, IN 47130
812.284.9499 812.282.7199 fax www.afpfirm.com
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 2 of 11
frankly we lacked adequate time to determine the details of exactly what zoning classifications,
variances, or other entitlements had previously been applied for and granted.
During the pendency of these proceedings, we have formed an opinion that all of the School
Corporation's intended uses are expressly permitted within the "C2" district, and that rezoning to the
"IS" district is not required for the School Corporation to engage in such uses. As we recognize our
opinion is contrary to that of the Planning & Zoning Department, and pursuant to case authority cited
below, we also believe that it nevertheless remains incumbent on the School Corporation to pursue the
pending rezoning approval before seeking any judicial review of any denial.
Section 4.15 of the Zoning Ordinance establishes permitted uses by right in the "C2" district that
include the following:
Business: Auto Sales/Services
• auto body repair shops
• auto repair shop
• auto sales (open air, with showroom, full service mechanical with or without body
shop)3
• auto service (tire or muffler shop)4
' Section 14.2 of the Zoning Ordinance defines "Auto Body Repair Shop" as "[a]ny building or premesis [sic] for the
major or minor repair or rebuilding of body, frame, or paint. This does not include those services typically performed
by mechanical repair shops, except minor mechanical repairs will be allowed if done in conjunction with body repair."
Z Section 14.2 defines "Auto Repair Shop" as "[a]ny building or premesis [sic] for major or minor repair or rebuilding of
electronic systems or mechanical drivelines of motor vehicles, both private and commercial. This does not include
those services typically performed by auto body repair shops, except minor body work or paint may be done in
conjunction with repair of mechanical or electronic systems."
3 Section 14.2 defines "Auto Sales (With Showroom, Open Air, Full Service Mechanical, With or Without Body Shop"
as "[a]ny building or premesis [sic] for the sale of new or pre -owned vehicles, including light and medium trucks,
motorcycles, and recreational vehicles. The service facility shall offer major and minor repairs to vehicles sold or to
individuals seeking service only. This would also include a warranty repair center."
4 Section 14.2 defines "Auto Service (Tire or Muffler Shop)" as "[a]ny building or premesis [sic] for the quick
lubrication and oil change as well as the removal and installation of brakes, mufflers and tires, and related quick
service. This is not to normally be used for lengthy repairs, but for tasks that can be accomplished in brief periods
where individual customers would normally wait for the service to be provided.
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 3 of 11
Miscellaneous
• accessory uses
The "C2" district further permits "auto sales (open air, limited mechanical services or body shop"6 and
"auto services (open air, no services)",7 subject to the grant of a special exception by the Board of
Zoning Appeals. In PC -05-29 a development plan was approved for 1611-1613 E. Tenth Street that
permitted an auto sales use generally,8 with waiver of development requirements allowing an eight (8)
foot perimeter fence and excusing compliance with otherwise applicable landscaping and maximum lot
coverage requirements. In PC -12-23 and BZA-12-30, a special exception permit for 1620 E. Tenth
Street was granted to permit use as "auto sales (open air, no services)", with waiver of development
plan requirements allowing an eight (8) foot perimeter fence and vehicle storage, and excusing
compliance with otherwise applicable landscaping, maximum lot coverage, and central feature or
community space requirements.
The School Corporation does not at present seek to construct any new buildings or change the footprint
of any existing buildings on the property, but instead intends to utilize the subject property for the
following uses:
5 The term "Accessory Uses" is not defined in the Zoning Ordinance but the related concept of "Accessory Building or
Structure" is defined in pertinent part at Section 14.2 as:
"A building or structure which:
• Is subordinate to a primary building or structure in area, intent, and/or purpose,
• Contributes to the comfort, convenience, or necessity of occupants of the primary building, structure, or
principal use,
• Does not alter or change the character of the premises,
• Is located on the same zoning lot as the primary building, structure, or use,
• Conforms to the setback, height, bulk, lot coverage, and other requirements of this Ordinance unless otherwise
provided for by this Ordinance ...".
6 Section 14.2 defines "Auto Sales (Open Air, Limited Mechanical Services or Body Shop)" as "[a]ny building or
premesis [sic] for the sale of primarily pre -owned vehicles and light trucks or recreational vehicles conducted with a
service facility for light maintenance and repairs."
Section 14.2 defines "Auto Sales (No Services)" as "[a]ny building or premesis [sic] for the sale of primarily pre-
owned vehicles and light trucks conducted with no showroom or mechanical repair facilities for consumer automobile
maintenance and repair."
8 A subsequent amendment to the Zoning Ordinance limited by right auto sales uses in the "C2" district (i.e., without
BZA grant of a special exception) to those having a showroom and full service mechanical.
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 4 of 11
• Routine repair and maintenance of its owned school bus fleet presently consisting of eighty-
three (83)buses (64 of which are currently active) within the four (4) bays of the existing
11,000 square foot building at 1611-1613 E. Tenth Street. These services include, but are not
limited to, the following:
o Daily pre -trip driver check of air brakes, lights, stop arm, tires, gages, and other
essential equipment. If a driver finds an issue, they report it to the mechanic on duty
while the bus is still on the lot.
o Routine mechanic check and performance of oil changes, tire replacements, and other
inspections. This is presently done by the mechanic on duty in the single bay of the
existing maintenance facility. The four (4) bays of the proposed site will dramatically
improve the efficiency in performing these functions, particularly as a second shift
mechanic crew will be added to perform preventative maintenance.
o The Indiana State Police conduct one (1) or two (2) annual inspections of all buses in
consultation with the School Corporation mechanics, which inspections are also
performed in the shop.
o If a bus is being maintained on back-up status, before being returned to daily
transportation use it will be subject to an annual inspection, as well as an additional
secondary inspection if older than twelve (12) years. As these buses continue to be used
on a weekly basis, however, they remain subject to the routine pre -trip inspections
provided by drivers and/or mechanics each time they are driven.
• The owned fleet vehicles will be parked on the premises as an accessory use9 to enable the
performance of all such required routine repair and maintenance during periods in which they
are not in use transporting students.
An accessory use has been defined as "a subordinate use, customarily incident to the principal use, and so necessary or
commonly to be expected in conjunction therewith that it cannot be supposed that an ordinance was intended to prevent
it." 30 Ind. Law Encyc. Zoning § 42. Indiana recognizes the doctrine of accessory use, under which the right to
establish and maintain a commercial or nonresidential use normally includes the right to add accessory uses which are
secondary to the permitted one. Flying J., Inc. v. City of New Haven Bd. of Zoning Appeals, 855 N.E.2d 1035 (Ind. Ct.
App. 2006), trans. denied (holding that overnight parking of recreational vehicles and trucks was an accessory use to a
travel plaza).
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page S of 11
• Routine repair and maintenance of maintenance trucks and equipment.
• Excess vehicles in the owned fleet (both bus and non -bus) will be displayed and offered for sale
to other school corporations or the public.
As noted above, it is our opinion that the all of the School Corporation's intended uses are presently
permitted on the subject property (either pursuant to the express provisions of the Zoning Ordinance or
by the grant of prior zoning approvals that run with the property). In fact, the only legal rationale by
which rezoning to "IS" might have been required is the inclusion of "public/private parking area" as a
permitted use in Section 4.1. However, this term is defined in Section 14.2 as "[a] group of parking
spaces in an open area not including any part of a street or alley, designed or used for temporary
parking of motor vehicles." (Emphasis added). Based on the plain and ordinary meaning of the words
used in this definition, it is clear that as long as the bus parking as an accessory use is conducted within
the fenced (i.e., non -open) areas of the property, a rezoning to permit this enumerated "IS" district use
is not required. The School Corporation is fully committed to limiting all bus parking within the
fenced areas on the site, and agrees to tender a voluntary written commitment to this effect in
accordance with the provisions of Ind. Code § 36-7-4-1015.
II. THE PLAN DIRECTOR HAS DETERMINED THAT REZONING TO "IS",
COMBINED WITH ADDITIONAL ZONING APPROVALS, IS REQUIRED TO
PERMIT THE SCHOOL CORPORATION'S INTENDED USE.
The discussion in Section I above obviously begs the question of why the School Corporation is
proceeding with this rezoning request given its position that its intended use of the property is legally
permitted in the "C2" district. The answer to this question is threefold:
First, any purchaser of property in Indiana will want to assure itself that the property is properly zoned
for its intended use. Given, the consideration and purpose of the moratorium, this firm determined that
a letter from the Plan Commission Director confirming authorizing the prospective use would not be
obtainable. Therefore, we counseled the School Corporation to seek a rezoning.
Second, while the ownership of property does not classify its use, the firm counseled the School
Corporation to seek Intuitional District classification of the Property in keeping with the public use
nature of the School Corporation. We advised that as part of the rezoning request, the School
Corporation could effectuate a development plan that reduced the visual impact of the School
Corporation's proposed use and would be in keeping with the prospective improvements to Tenth
Street. In other words, we counseled that it was the right thing to do.
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 6 of 11
The third reason for the rezoning request arises from the judicial opinion in City of Crown Point v.
Lake County, 510 N.E.2d 684, 690 (Ind. 1987), in which the Indiana Supreme Court rejected a
county's contention that it was immune from a city's zoning regulation of its buildings within the city,
but revised the standard of judicial review of denial for the rezoning requested by a governmental
entity as an "intruding entity". The Supreme Court held that if the governmental entity is not
statutorily or administratively immune from the zoning ordinance, then the governmental entity must
seek rezoning of the property before a court will review any denial of the application.
Here, the Planning Director has issued a written determination that even if the rezoning to "IS" is
granted by ordinance, the School Corporation will still need to obtain a use variance to permit bus
storage.10 By implication, the Plan Director affirmed our advice to the School Corporation that his
position would be that the School Corporation's intended uses are not permitted as a matter of right in
the "C2" district. In accordance with the opinion in Crown Point, it is therefore incumbent on the
School Corporation to proceed with its pending rezoning application before seeking judicial review of
any denial.
The extent to which the Crown Point case altered the legal standard by which the School Corporation's
rezoning petition should be considered is worthy of further discussion as well. Ind. Code § 36-7-4-603
provides as follows:
In preparing and considering proposals under the 600 series,
the plan commission and the legislative body shall pay
reasonable regard to:
(1) the comprehensive plan;
(2) current conditions and the character of current structures
and uses in each district;
(3) the most desirable use for which the land in each district is
adapted;
(4) the conservation of property values throughout the
jurisdiction; and
10 The School Corporation has appealed this determination to the BZA in accordance with the provisions of Ind. Code §
36-7-4-918.2 and Section 12.3(F) of the Zoning Ordinance as courts have held that the parking of vehicles for periodic
short duration does not constitute storage. Mergenthaler v. State, 293 A.2d 287 (Del. 1972). This appeal has been
tabled by agreement of the parties pending determination of the School Corporation's rezoning request.
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 7 of]]
(5) responsible development and growth.
Contrary to Mr. Pruitt's assertions during his staff report to the Plan Commission, this statute does not
create a checklist for whether a requested rezoning can be approved. Rather, where the applicant is a
non-governmental entity, Indiana law has been consistent that courts, will review decisions of local
zoning boards to determine if they are arbitrary, capricious or patently unreasonable. Ash v. Rush
County Board of Zoning Appeals, 464 N.E.2d 347 (Ind. Ct. App. 1984). Courts will affirm the zoning
decision of a legislative body in non-governmental zoning applications where the administrative record
demonstrates the existence of a rational basis for the decision based on consideration of these statutory
factors. This result has been obtained even where a municipality denied a requested rezoning to
permit commercial use where its comprehensive plan called for the area land use to be commercial.
Board of Com'rs of Cnty. of Vanderburgh v. Three I Properties, 787 N.E.2d 967, 977-79 (Ind. Ct. App.
2003). Conversely, a legislative body's rezoning from residential to retail was affirmed despite
conflicting with the provisions of the comprehensive plan. Ogden v. Premier Properties, USA, Inc.,
755 N.E.2d 661, 670-72 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001).
However, in situations where the petitioner is a governmental entity like the School Corporation, the
Indiana Supreme Court mandates that a much less deferential standard be applied by courts on judicial
review of a zoning denial. In Crown Point, the Supreme Court held that a municipality's denial of a
rezoning sought by a county be subject to a public interest balancing test on judicial review by holding
as follows:
The essential purpose of zoning, "to rationally coordinate land -use
planning to promote orderly development and preservation of property
values," City of Fargo, 256 N.W.2d at 697, generally can best be furthered
by local zoning authorities which have been established to accomplish that
very purpose. Local zoning proceedings also provide for public debate in
an administrative hearing which can address the interests of all parties.
However, there will be occasions when the land use plan of a
community must fall before other critical government objectives. .. .
Local land use decisions must be evaluated not only in terms of local need
and benefit, but in light of community, area or state-wide interests as
well.
When a zoning authority has denied an intruding government's
request for approval of a given land use, an appeal can lie to the
courts, which will balance the interests to determine which must
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 8 of 11
prevail. Factors to be considered include the propriety of the land use,
such as the economic and environmental impact on the area, the kind
of function or land use involved, the availability of alternative
locations, and any attempts to minimize detriments to adjacent
landowners, as well as a consideration of competing interests, such as
the nature and scope of the intruding government unit, the essential
use to the local community and the broader community, the need for
the specific site as compared to the adverse impact, the social utility of
the proposed use, and the possible frustration of a government
function. These are the sort of decisions assigned to local executive and
legislative bodies. Where their determinations are irreconcilable, the
legislature has provided for a review of the zoning decision by the
judiciary. (Emphasis added).
.Supra, 510 N.E.2d at 690-91.
While the School Corporation acknowledges that it is subject to the City's zoning authority, Indiana
law makes it clear that such authority cannot be applied for abusive or unreasonable interference.
Town of Zionsville v. Hamilton County Airport Authority, 970 N.E.2d 185 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012), trans.
denied.
It cannot reasonably be argued by the City of Jeffersonville that the School Corporation does not
promote the common welfare of the community as a whole. In fact, the Indiana Supreme Court has
judicially recognized that schools promote the common welfare and the general public interest. See,
Board of Zoning Appeals of the Town of Meridian Hills v. Schulte, 172 N.E.2d 39 (Ind. 1961). In
Schulte, the Indiana Supreme Court held that a zoning board could not validly exclude church and
school facilities from a residential district based merely upon evidence that property values would
depreciate. Id. at 351.
In order to avoid judicial determination that a rezoning denial constitutes unreasonable interference
with the School Corporation's valid public use to promote safe and efficient transportation of its
students, the City Council should carefully weigh the competing public interests. As new land use
restrictions promoting the elimination of automotive uses within the Tenth Street corridor have yet to
be promulgated, it would be a daunting task for the City Council to support a rezoning denial on this
basis.
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 9 of 11
III. THE CITY COUNCIL SHOULD CONSIDER THE PRACTICAL REALITIES IN
MAKING ITS DETERMINATION OF THE REZONING REQUEST.
As noted above, the property at 1611-1613 E. Tenth Street contains an 11,000 s.f. building that is
approximately ten (10) years old. This building was designed for auto usage, not marketplace usage,
and has at least thirty (30) remaining years of useful life. Even if the existing "C2" regulations are
amended and/or the property is otherwise rezoned during the pendency of the moratorium, the existing
auto sales, repair, maintenance, and accessory uses can and will continue as nonconforming uses a
matter of right in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.5 of the Zoning Ordinance.
Therefore, the decision pending before the City Council is not a choice between the School
Corporation's proposal and the theoretical site drawing that Plan Director Pruitt presented to the Plan
Commission during his staff report (which intentionally ignored the existence and value of the 11,000
s.f. building). Rather, the choice before the Council is between what the School Corporation proposes
and the continuation of the uses that are presently authorized at the site (particularly as the
Redevelopment Commission has to date taken no action to declare this area to be in need of
redevelopment or otherwise demonstrate that the City will be taking a pro -active approach in fostering
any such redevelopment).
IV. NO CITY COUNCIL MEMBER HAS A CONFLICT OF INTEREST THAT LEGALLY
REQUIRES THEIR ABSTENTION.
Council president Matt Owen has recently been quoted as stating that one or two City Council
members may abstain from voting on this rezoning request. I understand that these members may be
Scott Maples (who has periodically worked in a part-time security position at the Clark County Auto
Auction), and Scott Hawkins (who is employed as a teacher at Jeffersonville High School). As a final
matter, I wish to address this issue to make clear for the record the School Corporation's position that
neither of these members have a disqualifying conflict of interest that legally requires their abstention
from participation in either discussion or voting on this matter.
Ind. Code § 36-7-4-223 reads in pertinent part as follows:
(b) A member of a plan commission or a legislative body is
disqualified and may not participate as a member of the plan commission
or legislative body in a hearing or recommendation of that commission or
body concerning a legislative act as described in section 1016 of this
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 10 of 11
chapter in which the member has a direct or indirect financial interest. The
commission or body shall enter in its records the fact that its member has
such a disqualification.
The Indiana Court of Appeals considered this statute in concluding that a county commissioner whose
wife owned a one-fifth interest in property adjacent to the property for which a zoning change was
sought did not have a direct or indirect interest in the matter that barred him from voting on the
proposed zoning ordinance. Perry -Worth Concerned Citizens v. Board of Com'rs. of Boone County,
723 N.E.2d 457 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000), trans. denied. Similarly, a city council member was not
precluded from voting on a rezoning ordinance where her son represented the applicant. Stokes v. City
of Mishawaka, 441 N.E.2d 24 (Ind. Ct. App. 1982).
Dr. Melin will be glad to personally affirm at the Council meeting that neither Mr. Maples nor Mr.
Hawkins have any direct or indirect financial interest in the subject property or the School
Corporation's proposed acquisition and use thereof. Specifically, Mr. Maples and/or Mr. Hawkins
will not receive any financial compensation or other pecuniary benefit if the requested rezoning is
granted, nor will Mr. Hawkins suffer any adverse consequence to his employment if it is denied
(regardless of how either member may personally vote).
V. CONCLUSION.
While I regret the length of this letter, it is sincerely hoped that the foregoing might assist the City
Council by providing a detailed analysis of the legal principles involved the pending rezoning
application, and thereby enable its primary focus at the meeting to be on the operational and public
safety benefits involved in the School Corporation's efforts to utilize the dramatically superior existing
facilities at the proposed site in the performance of its duty to provide safe and efficient transportation
for its students.
Contemporaneously with the delivery of this letter to the City Clerk's office, I will be providing a
digital copy of this letter to Ms. Conlin and Mr. Lewis by e-mail, and request that it be promptly
forwarded to each City Council member so that they may have an opportunity to review and consider
prior to the meeting. I acknowledge that the filing of this letter with the City Clerk renders it a "public
record" that is subject to review by any interested member of the public, and I hereby consent to its
release on request by any such person.
Jeffersonville City Council Members c% Ms. Vicki Conlin, City Clerk
Mr. R. Scott Lewis
April 14, 2016
Page 11 of 11
As always, your consideration of the foregoing is greatly appreciated.
Sincerely,
Alan M. Applate
AMA/hrr
Cc: Dr. Andrew Melin, GCCSC Superintendent (via e-mail)
Ms. Sandra Lewis, GCCSC General Counsel (via e-mail)
Mr. Leslie D. Merkley, Jeffersonville Corporation Counsel (via e-mail)
Mr. Nathan Pruitt, Jeffersonville Plan Director (via e-mail)